SOCIAL PHOBIA - SOCIAL ANXIETY DISORDER

Social phobia (Social Anxiety Disorder) is a condition characterized by intense and persistent fear, anxiety, and feelings of embarrassment related to social situations. The individual worries about being negatively evaluated and humiliated by others, and therefore avoids entering social environments or giving presentations. They are excessively concerned about others’ opinions; they may perceive as if everyone is watching them, scrutinizing their flaws, and judging them. This condition disrupts the individual’s functioning in work and school life and negatively affects their social life.

It is seen in approximately 7–8% of the general population. It occurs about twice as often in women as in men.

Causes of social phobia may include genetic predisposition, negative experiences in childhood, excessive worries about social situations, societal expectations, and perceived inadequacy in social performance. Social phobia can also co-occur with other psychiatric disorders such as alcohol or substance use, panic attacks, and obsessive-compulsive disorder.

When a person with social phobia has to perform in front of an audience or enters a crowded environment, the following physical symptoms may occur:

Heart palpitations
Sweating
Trembling
Difficulty breathing
Nausea or abdominal pain
Dizziness or feeling faint
Facial flushing
Difficulty speaking, trembling voice, stuttering
Muscle tension

Social phobia is a treatable disorder. Treatment approaches such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, social skills training, exposure therapy, improving interpersonal communication skills, and mental imagery can help reduce or even eliminate social phobia. In addition, medication can also help control anxiety and physical symptoms.

In conclusion, social phobia is a psychiatric disorder that causes intense anxiety and fear and negatively affects life. However, with appropriate treatment and support, social phobia can be alleviated and the individual’s quality of life can be improved.

Psychiatrist Dr. Arzu Dalmış